07. Paper Money Substitute and Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) | Money | Sovereign’s Handbook

By Johnny Liberty

 Since gold and silver coinage were heavy and inconvenient for large transactions, and dangerous to transport, the money was stored in safes in warehouse banks. A warehouse receipt or certificate was issued as a money substitute to represent the gold or silver on deposit. 

People could trade warehouse receipts as money, or “paper currency (Ø). They were similar to redeemable gold and silver certificates issued by modern banks.

Paper Money Substitutes Are Not Money

Today, “paper currency (Ø) is not actually “money ($)”, but instead a paper money substitute (Ø)”, because redeemable warehouse receipts, gold or silver certificates must promise to pay a real “dollar ($)” equivalent in gold or silver money. 

Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) make no such promise, and are not “money (Ø)” by any stretch of the constitutional imagination, or as the U.S. Congress may lead us to believe. Paper currencies are legally defined as “corporation notes of undetermined value”, as a private bankers “scrip”.

A Federal Reserve Note (FRN) is a debt obligation of the federal U.S. government, a promissory note, a promise to “pay (Ø)” to the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB), a tangible asset such as gold and silver at an undisclosed time in the future. FRNs are not “money (Ø)”.

FRNs are not lawful, constitutional money ($), but a “fiat paper currency (Ø)”, as “legal tender (Ø)” or as a “paper money substitute (Ø)”. The ($) and (Ø) symbols will henceforth signify the distinction between the two types. 

PAPER MONEY SUBSTITUTE = FRNs = Ø

Although the Federal Reserve Note (FRN)(Ø), henceforth, referred to as (Ø) is the keystone of the unsustainable, debt-based and corporate “United States” economy, few people understand how the system actually works. 

All Federal Reserve Notes “(FRNs)(Ø)” placed into circulation burdens the entire economy with an ever growing mountain of public and private debt. Every “(FRN)(Ø)” borrowed by the federal U.S. government must be repaid, yet can never be repaid to the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) and its foreign principals-creditors. 

A FRN (Ø) is “unlawful” money under both the state (no foreign bills of exchange) and federal (only gold and silver coin are money) constitutions.  Federal Reserve Notes “(FRNs)(Ø)” create not only “debt (Ø)”, but interest and usury that results in perpetual economic slavery for most “U.S. citizens”

Federal Reserve Notes Are Neither Federal, Nor a Note

Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs), are in actuality, neither federal, nor a note, and not held in reserve. FRNs are not “federal” because the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) is, in truth, a privately owned corporation, not part of the U.S. government. 

Furthermore, there is no gold or silver money, not even paper currency, held in “reserve” in the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB). FRNs are not a “note” because they cannot fulfill an unconditional promise to “pay (Ø)” real money to the holder. By law, a “note” must contain the unconditional promise to pay-to-the-bearer-on-demand”

> NOTE– An instrument containing an express and absolute promise of signer to pay to a specified person or order, or bearer, a definite sum of money at a specified time; an instrument that is a promise to pay other than a certificate of deposit.

In truth, a Federal Reserve Note (FRN) is a Fraud Reserve Note”, a “commercial lien” of a private corporation on the federal U.S. government. In other words an FRN is commercial paper, a negotiable instrument, a counterfeit security of the Federal Reserve Banking (FRB) system. FRNs are unsigned checks written on a closed account of the  federal U.S. government corporation which has been closed since the first federal bankruptcy of 1933. 

Distinction Between Real Money and Paper

We the People must comprehend this important distinction between real“money ($)” as tangible substance and real wealth, and a“paper money substitute (Ø)” which represents a debt that can never be paid off. 

As an individual, one cannot become economically or financially sovereign by accumulating paper money substitutes, or borrowing without restraint, anymore than one can get rich accumulating monopoly money in the game by the Parker Brothers. The same notion applies to a nation state that borrows from its principals-creditors and encumbers its U.S. citizens to pay it back in the not so distant future.  Using debt-based paper currency can only result in getting deeper into debt, and then declaring bankruptcy, especially, if a nation’s people cannot comprehend this important distinction. 

The same  notion applies to a nation state without financial restraint, as the government borrows more and more debt-based paper currency and goes deeper and deeper into debt. That continues until all of its tangible assets, and those of its people, are collateralized and transferred to the principals-creditors who loaned the “paper money substitute” in the first place, namely, the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB).

As an individual one can acquire debt-based paper currency and quickly convert these instruments into tangible assets of actual substance, actual money, property and productive capacity, providing one can establish legal sovereignty and the proper structures to protect these tangible assets.

Additionally, if one acquires property with Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) instead of constitutional money such as gold or silver, then one has not actually acquired the rights and absolute “allodial” title. One may acquire an equitable title, but not the “allodial” title and the rights inherent therein. Thus, one does not purchase absolute “allodial” title to property as one could under the constitutional Common law system.  

If you have not acquired “allodial” title, it is not actually your property. Thus, you have no rights inherent in your property. By implication, the actual “allodial” title remains within the jurisdiction of the federal U.S. government corporation, and to those it assigns or hypothecates the title. Finally, if you have no “allodial” title, the property can be taken at will at any time and you will have no recourse or remedy under the Common law. 

There is No Actual Money System

We the People do not have any real “money ($)”, nor are we buying or exchanging goods and services with real “money ($)”, nor are we accumulating wealth or assets as we have been led to believe. In fact, not only is there no real “money ($)”, there is no money system whatsoever. It has been a fraud relentlessly perpetrated for generations upon the people of the united states of America and the world.

Those who have deposited Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) in their bank accounts have simply accumulated temporary control over  a certain amount of bank-created debt which has been substituted for real money. 

Your assets are entirely at risk if you do not understand the nature of money and who really owns and controls your property. Wake up to your own economic, financial and legal sovereignty to restore prosperity for all, including a “sound monetary system”.

According to Fortune 500, Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Bill Gates may be several of the “richest” men in the United States. However, they are rich in Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) or “corporation notes of undetermined value”. They are rich in the market value of their corporate company stock. Even billionaires may be unaware of the central bank fraud and their participation in it. 

This author would venture to guess that most millionaires do not know that their wealth is entirely contrived by the United States and European Power structures. Without true sovereignty, even the billionaire’s riches and wealth are worthless tokens of what could be possible for humanity and the world.

U.S. citizens Not Paid Real Money

U.S. citizens have not been paid any real money ($) in their entire lives. Consider this seriously. if you have not been paid any real money, then how can you ever “pay (Ø)” your debts? The fact is, you cannot ever pay your debts and neither can any one else.  

Now, you can understand why you might feel broke even with so-called “money (Ø)” in the bank? Indeed, you are poor, broke and starving for truth and wanting freedom from the “money masters (Ø)”. Now, do you understand why you are actually “bankrupt (Ø)”, along with much of the rest of the country and world? You cannot “pay (Ø)”debt with a debt-based paper currency, not now, not ever. This truth has been hidden from the people for generations.

We the People can only “discharge (Ø)” a debt which only delays the inevitable “bankruptcy (Ø)” that awaits us all. Instead, would you like to become economically sovereign and financially independent?

“Neither paper currency nor deposits have value as commodities.
Intrinsically, a ‘dollar (Ø)’ bill is just a piece of paper (Ø).
Deposits are merely book entries.”

~ Modern Money Mechanics Workbook,
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago (1975) 

Creating a Sound Monetary System

The constitutional authority to create real “money ($)”,not paper money substitutes, has been reserved to We the People as intended by the Founders, not any central banking system. 

Central bankers have learned how to monopolize their congressional privilege to create “paper money substitutes(Ø)” out of thin air in partnership with greedy, power-hungry governments who have willfully and knowingly plunged U.S. citizens into perpetual debt and bankruptcy. 

Unfortunately, the federal U.S. government has prosecuted courageous “citizens of the United States”, for example, Bernard Von NotHaus, for creating a“sound money substitute”, such as American Liberty Currency, backed by gold and silver, as an alternative to the central banking cartel. The American Liberty Currency clearly had no similarity to the U.S. Dollar (USD), and NotHaus was by no means “counterfeiting”. Instead, he was making a strong point that the U.S. Constitution required a “sound monetary system” backed by gold and silver. If anyone is engaged in “counterfeiting” it is clearly the U.S. Congress and the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB).

Perhaps one day a constitutional, “sound monetary system”, backed by gold and silver, will be restored in the united states of America. 

“To provide for the punishment
of counterfeiting the Securities and
current Coin of the United States.”
~ U.S. Constitution [1:8:6]

We the People still have the “unalienable right” to work, the right to contract, and the right to create our own money substitutes, if necessary, in lieu of adequate supplies of gold or silver. 

A few examples of alternative money substitutes are local scrips such as Ithaca HOURS, Cascadia HOURS, time-dollars, barter/trade, and gift economies. and/or restore a gold and silver backed currency.

“By a continuing process of inflation,
government can confiscate, 
secretly and unobserved, an important
part of the wealth of their citizens…
~ John Maynard Keynes

Inflation and Devaluation

Whenever there is an increase in the supply of a “paper money substitute (Ø)” in the economy without a corresponding increase in gold or silver “money ($)” reserve, inflation and devaluation occur simultaneously. Inflation and devaluation are mostly invisible forms of “taxation” (grand theft) that even the most enlightened governments inflict on their people. 

Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) are  designed to create perpetual debt resulting in both inflation and devaluation of the currency. Inflation and devaluation destroys purchasing power while consumer prices rise at the same rate as inflation.  

Inflation, devaluation of the currency and an ever increasing and un-payable debt deliberately transfers control, power and property to the United States and European Power structures that have no interest whatsoever in sharing the wealth or hoarding “paper money substitutes (Ø)”. The actual objectives of the American and European Power structures are to accumulate tangible assets, gold and silver, property, land, industrial and productive capability, and “real estate” which represents true wealth in the economy. 

INFLATION = INVISIBLE TAXATION

Two-thirds of the total productivity of the united states of America are invisibly taxed through inflation and devaluation which is inflicted at every level of the system. This is a cozy arrangement between private central bankers and national governments to ultimately confiscate both the wealth and the productivity of the people to suit their globalist agendas. 

“Every congressman, every senator, knows precisely what causes inflation,
but can’t [won’t] support the drastic reforms to stop it
[repeal of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913]
because it could cost him his job.”
~ Robert A. Heinlein, Expanded Universe

No Authority to Issue Paper Money Substitutes

The corporate U.S. government and the U.S. Congress were not authorized by the U.S. Constitution to issue paper currency of any kind, but only the authority to coin lawful “money ($)” of substance — gold or silver for the sovereign states and their respective “state” Citizens. Except for former U.S. Congressmen Ron Paul (R-TX) and a few courageous elected officials, the U.S. Congress has been deaf to this alarming prohibition.

“Congress had no authority to grant
a private consortium of banks the monopoly
privilege to create the nation’s currency.”
~ Boston T. Party

Powers not specifically granted by the U.S. Constitution are strictly forbidden and automatically denied. Today, the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) and the international central bankers have a monopoly over “legal tender (Ø)”, the issuance of paper money substitutes in lieu of gold and silver. 

In truth, the international central bankers run the most extensive counterfeiting operation the world has ever known, “legally” protected by a rogue U.S. Congress which has bankrupted the federal U.S. government corporation. Paper money substitutes have essentially changed the mass of humanity into becoming economic slaves of the powers-that-be.

Since the inception of private banking in Europe centuries ago, international central bankers have created wars (e.g., WWI, WWII, WWIII) and conflict for profit and control of the fates of dozens of nations. 

Even if we are unaware of it, and it is difficult for most of us to imagine, our political leaders lust for more and more power over our lives.  The governments of the world already controls much of the world’s gold and silver reserves except for the gold and silver in private hands.

References:

  1. Wikipedia | Federal Reserve Notes; “Corporation notes of undetermined value.” Wikipedia:  and www.investopedia.com/terms/f/federal-reserve-note.asp and http://definitions.uslegal.com/f/federal-reserve-note 
  2. Cornell Law | Title 12 USCS §411 (federal reserve notes are debt obligations of the federal United States, not lawful money).
  3. Cornell Law | UCC 3-104(2)(d) (a federal reserve note is a negotiable instrument, a promise to pay other than a certificate of deposit).
  4. Wikipedia | Federal Reserve Bank www.federalreserve.gov
  5. Truth Set Us Free | Modern Money Mechanics Workbook of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 1975;Javelin Press | Javelin Press | Goodbye April 15th by Boston T. Party, (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/7).
  6. In March 2022, Russia decided to back their currency with gold during the Russia-Ukraine police action. This resulted in a rise of the ruble against the U.S. Dollar and the EURO.
  7. Wikipedia | U.S. Constitution [1:8:6]. Powers delegated to the legislature.
  8. Ibid, p.3/11),
  9. Wikipedia | John Maynard Keynes
  10. Javelin Press | Goodbye April 15th by Boston T. Party (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/9).
  11. Wikipedia | Expanded Universe by Robert A. Heinlein; Amazon
  12. Javelin Press | Goodbye April 15th by Boston T. Party (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/2).
  13. Javelin Press | Goodbye April 15th by Boston T. Party (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, pp.4/3-4/11). In 2021, there were 132 million households in America with an average of 1 troy ounce in gold jewelry and gold coins in private hands. That equals $132 million ounces of gold with a mint value of $35/per coin ($4,620,000,000), or a market value of $1,900/ounce ($250,800,000,000); Gold Bulllion Suppliers | Indian households have the largest amount of gold in the world – roughly 24,000 metric tons. Most of it is in the form of jewelry which is used for Diwali festival and weddings. These oil-rich families had vaults of gold – now in the hundreds of tonnes – well before they began making deals with the West. One can only imagine how much gold they have accrued since the 1920s.

Source: Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition), Volume 2 of 3, p.16 – 21

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07. Gold and Silver Money | Money | Sovereign’s Handbook

By Johnny Liberty

“All the perplexities, confusion and distress
 in America arise not from defects
in their Constitution or Confederation,
nor from want of honor or virtue,
so much as downright ignorance of the
nature of coin, credit and circulation.”
~ John Adams

We the People are crazy about “money”. Whether you have a lot or a little, work hard, live off trust funds or collect welfare, inherit or win the lottery, there are intrinsic survival, fear and success issues linked with “money”, its acquisition and spending, that we rarely take the time to step back from the insanity, and ask the hard questions. Considering its importance, this attitude is crazy.

What is real “money”? Who controls money? How is money made? Where does money come from? How does the economic system really work? Why are so many people and businesses in America going bankrupt? 

Is the accumulation of “money” the sole purpose for living? Is money really worth working and dying for, and for some, stealing or killing for? Why is money so glorified as an object of one’s attention and one’s affection? Is there a better alternative? How does my relationship with money reflect my values? How can I serve the greater community and myself, as well as work doing what I love? 

“When it is a question of money, everyone is of the same religion” ~ Voltaire

Short History of Money

Until 1500 BC, all “money” was alive—cattle, lambs, goats or pigs. The first bankers financed great trading ships laden with cattle on long sea voyages, steering from port to port. While onboard on long journeys, pregnant cattle had offspring, calves or “kind” which was agreed by both parties that they belonged to the banker. 

This was when the initial idea of “interest” on a loan first arose. However, in the long term, the concept of “interest” depletes the life-support equity of both depositors and borrowers, ultimately transferring equity and control to the banker.

In their sophisticated ancient civilization, the Phoenicians invented metal “money” in the shape of a pair of bullhorns. That was because metal coins were simpler to transport than steering, housing and feeding the actual cattle, coins gained popular usage as a commodity. Eventually coins were minted with precious metals like gold or silver which historically retained a stable value relative to purchasing power over time. Did you know that an ounce of gold has the same relative buying power today as it did in ancient Greece?

Money was not originally an invention of the state, but of private bankers and merchants.“Certain commodities become money quite naturally, as the result of economic relationships…independent of the power of the state…Though many different commodities have been used as money over the centuries,…gold and silver have emerged as money in the free competition of the market.”

Money Defined

> MONEY ($) – A tangible metallic substance with intrinsic and stable-store of value, distinguished from paper currency, checks and drafts. 

> MONEY (Ø) – in the ordinary connotation it means coins and paper currency used as a circulating medium of exchange, not  including notes, bonds, evidences of debt, or other private property or real estate.

True Source of Wealth

The true source of wealth of a nation lies with the skills of people and what they are capable of producing. Money itself is not a true measure of wealth, unless it has a tangible value as a commodity. However, it is an essential tool for trade in a free enterprise society.

Healthy economies are created from the production of goods and services, the ability to freely exchange those in the market at a price people are willing and able to pay. In indigenous societies, the wealthiest individuals with the most prestige were the ones who had the most to give away.

True wealth is in land and tangible assets. Wealth consists of tools, materials, equipment, and profit-generating assets. Wealth is bought with money. Unfortunately, wealth can be acquired by force, theft, legal plunder, through sovereign grants and deeds, or by other unscrupulous, dishonest and unethical means. 

True wealth is also in intangible states of being such as health, serenity, clarity, creativity, harmony, honesty, kindness, compassion and consequent contentment.

“[It is the duty of Congress] to coin Money, regulate the Value  thereof,
and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures…”
~ U.S. Constitution [1:8:5]

“No State shall…make any Thing but gold and silver Coin as Tender in Payment of Debts…”
~ U.S. Constitution [1:10:1]

A Dollar is a Measure of Weight By Law

How can we define a “dollar ($)”? In the united states of America, a dollar is a measure of weight defined by the Coinage Act of 1792, which issued the first gold coin, with legislative amendments, that are still in effect today. 

A “dollar ($)” by definition specifies a certain quantity of tangible gold or silver. Furthermore, the relative value of silver is constitutionally proportionate to gold. In 1995, a dollar is still 371.25 grains of silver in a 480 grain coin which is equal to one ounce.

ONE DOLLAR = 1/20th OUNCE OF GOLD = .999 TROY OUNCE OF SILVER

As originally defined, a dollar equals 1/20th of an ounce of gold “money ($)” until it was “statutorily” devalued by the Gold Reserve Act of 1934 to 1/35th of an ounce of .999 pure silver “money ($)”.

The Founders decided only gold and silver were to be coined as money by the U.S. Constitution – that only gold or silver coins are considered real “money ($)” in America. 

Wisely, they chose this path having seen how monarchs had debauched money supplies in Europe by printing paper money substitutes. The founders chose to avoid making the same mistake.

REAL MONEY = GOLD/SILVER

The Founders delegated the power to coin real “money ($)” to the U.S. Congress, and no other entity, foreign or domestic. Furthermore, The U.S. Constitution gave no lawful or constitutional authority to the U.S. Congress to delegate private banking via legislation to a private corporation or the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) that was supposedly authorized much later by the “statutory” Federal Reserve Act of 1913.

American People Were Our Own Bankers

Until 1913, We the People were our own bankers, creating wealth directly by mining the Earth and producing goods and services. We mined for gold and silver and brought it to the assay offices of the U.S. government to mint into coinage. In exchange, the U.S. government kept 10% of the gold and silver as a constitutional excise tax to cover the cost of minting.

U.S. Gold Certificates (1863-1934) were issued, redeemable and payable to the bearer on demand for gold coin. U.S. Silver Certificates (1886-1963) were issued, redeemable and payable to the bearer on demand for silver coin. Both were redeemable at local banks for real “money ($)” stored in the vault.

Even Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) were redeemable in lawful “money ($)” at the U.S. Department of the Treasury Federal Reserve Bank (1934-1963).

Until 1934, a twenty-dollar gold coin was minted in gold, a one-dollar silver coin was minted in silver, then both were spent into circulation. Before 1968, dimes and quarters were still coined in silver and spent into circulation.

Today, U.S. dollars, half-dollars, quarters, dimes, nickels and pennies are still minted and spent into circulation although they have no precious gold or silver left in them, while “paper money substitutes (Ø)” and paper currency (except U.S. Notes) are “loaned” into circulation by the U.S. government.

By law, “money ($)“ is either gold or silver coins, or currency backed by gold and silver certified deposits in the U.S. Treasury, payable to the bearer on demand, or interest-free “United States Notes” spent into circulation by the federal U.S. government, for example, JFK’s $2 bill was spent into circulation interest-free. 

“The importance of an honest, stable, gold money supply is to ensure that relative scarcity, demand and production efficiency of goods and services are accurately represented through their actual market prices. Prices are information.” ~ Boston T. Party 

References:

  1. Wikipedia | John Adams.
  2. Wikipedia | Voltaire.
  3. Wikiquote | Critical Path by R. Buckminster Fuller (St. Martins Press, New York, p. 73-74); Amazon
  4. Ibid.
  5. Court Listener | Lane v. Railey, 133 S.W. 2d 74, 79, 81 280 Ky. 319, (“money” does not embrace notes, bonds, evidences of debt, or other personal or real estate http://section520.org/money.html
  6. Heritage | U.S. Constitution [1:8:5]. To coin money…
  7. Heritage | U.S. Constitution [1:10:1]. No State shall make…
  8. Wikipedia | Coinage Act of 1792; Wikipedia | Coinage Age of 1834; Wikipedia | Coinage Act of 1965; Wikipedia | Gold Certificates; “Dollar is a weight of gold or silver:; Jeff Ganaposki, Patriot Primer #2, (Living Word, pp.108); MISESWhat Has the Government Done to Our Money? by Murray N. Rothbard: ; Coinact | An Act Establishing and Regulating the Mint.
  9. Wikipedia | Kenneth W. Royce; Javelin Press | Goodbye April 15th by Boston T. Party (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/10); Wikipedia | Gold Reserve Act of 1934; What Was the Gold Reserve Act?; InvestopediaFederal Reserve History.
  10. Ibid.
  11. Ibid.
  12. Ibid.

Source: Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition), Volume 2 of 3, p. 13 – 16

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Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty 
(30th Anniversary Edition)
(3-Volume Printed, Bound Book or PDF)

A three-volume, 750+ page tome with an extensive update of the renowned underground classic ~ the Global Sovereign’s Handbook. Still after all these years, this is the most comprehensive book on sovereignty, economics, law, power structures and history ever written. Served as the primary research behind the best-selling Global One Audio Course.Available Now!

$99.95 ~ THREE-VOLUME PRINT SERIES
$33.33 ~ THREE-VOLUME EBOOK

Dawning of the Corona Age: Navigating the Pandemic by Johnny Freedom 
(3rd Edition)
(Printed, Bound Book or PDF)

This comprehensive book, goes far beyond the immediate impact of the “pandemic”, but, along with the reader, imagines how our human world may be altered, both positively and negatively, long into an uncertain future. Available Now!

$25.00 ~ PRINT BOOK
$10.00 ~ EBOOK