There is a growing impatience on the part of the North American indigenous nations and peoples to have their sovereignty, land and treaties honored. The U.S. Supreme Court should revisit the legal precedents set two centuries ago and restore sovereignty for all indigenous nations and peoples. In 2020, the current total population of Native Americans in the U.S. is 6.79 million, or about 2.09% of the total population.
Furthermore, it is essential that the sovereign “state” Citizen recognize and support the sovereignty of indigenous peoples and their inherent right to self-determination and self-government.
In restoring a “de jure” government, the American National, or sovereign “state” Citizen, must consider the land claims and reparations due the indigenous sovereigns whose lands, rights and cultures had been decimated over the last five hundred years. May we honor and respect these indigenous sovereigns and develop diplomatic relations with them during a long deserved period of reconstruction and restitution. This is the true meaning of restorative justice at its finest.
New nations of indigenous sovereigns are being restored not only in North America, Canada and Mexico but around the world. The time has come when either we are all going to become sovereign human beings and respect each other, or we’re all going to be slaves under the New World Order/Deep State.
DIPLOMACY • NOT PERPETUAL WAR
Indigenous Nations Never Lost Inherent Sovereignty
As with the indigenous “kanaka maoli” Hawai’i(an) people, and many others around the world, the North American indigenous nations and people never lost their inherent sovereignty. Their sovereignty was not lost, but suppressed and hidden in plain sight (e.g., Kingdom of Hawai’i).
The 1st Constitution for the united states of America refers to “Indians not taxed” which means the same as “Sovereigns not taxed”. Economic activities taking place on Indian reservations are not subject to taxation, although a desperate and bankrupt U.S. government and its political subdivisions (i.e., States) have found clever ways to “incorporate” the indigenous nation’s casino gambling operations within the States. This clever legal ploy of incorporation took their sovereignty away and subjected their economic activities to local, state and federal taxation. Those indigenous nations who do not pay these corporate taxes have had National Guard troops sent in to forcibly collect taxes (e.g., Mohawks).
INDIANS NOT TAXED = SOVEREIGNS NOT TAXED
If challenged with standing in the federal courts, these tax collecting activities are clearly unconstitutional as well as unconscionable. There is substantial case law supporting the idea that the sovereignty of indigenous nations and people were not annihilated or taken from them. Treaties alone on their face is evidence of that. Even though, from the European and United States system of titles and laws, there was no recognized government in place in the indigenous nations, each had in fact their only system of governance – chiefs, councils, kivas, and other forms of self-government, many of which had been functioning continuously for thousands of years.
These defects from a Western legal perspective can be remedied under the “Law of Nations” by recognizing that the U.S. government was in part modeled after the Iroquois Confederacy and traditional councils of elders – an indigenous government in place long before the U.S. constitution was written. The principles of inherent sovereignty are universal and arise from natural and organic laws.
“It will not suffice for the Kingdom of Hawai’i to become a nation within a nation, and to remain dependent upon the economic and money system that has been installed ultimately to control and bankrupt not only the Hawai’i(an)s but all the peoples of the world.” ~ John David Van Hove,Former Ambassador from the Kingdom of Hawai’i to the united states of America
International Recognition of Sovereign Nations
Just laws must be written and instituted to meet the challenges of a modern world still colliding with traditional cultures. The era of colonialism and manifest destiny is over. The Indian Appropriation Act (1987) should be repealed and the U.S. government should once again recognize indigenous nations as independent nations.
Indigenous peoples are beginning to effectively organize and push back against this centuries long encroachment of their sovereign rights as nations. One day, in the very near future, indigenous people may have the upper hand as the U.S. government has systematically bankrupted the country – politically, economically and morally and may surrender its sovereignty to the New World Order/Deep State.
Sovereign indigenous nations must not make the same mistake. Accepting the dependency status of a “nation within a nation” is inappropriate for a sovereign people. Less understood is that it is also inappropriate for a sovereign people to request recognition by the United Nations (UN) which is essentially a consortium of 193 bankrupt nations.
Sovereign indigenous nations must get up off their knees and accept nothing less than true independent status – culturally, economically, legally and politically.
The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) facilitates the voices of unrepresented and marginalized nations and peoples worldwide.
The League of Indigenous Sovereign Nations or the United League of Indigenous Nations intends to unite all indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere into a single confederation to empower and present its members to the international community.
Assembly of First Nations (Canada)
Mataatua Assembly of Maori Tribes of Aotearoa (New Zealand)
Wikipedia | List of Indian Reservations in the U.S., Alaska Native Village Statistical Areas, Hawaiian Homelands | Native News Online | Lessons from More Than a Hundred Years of Affirmative Action in Hawai’i; Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Areas & State Designated Tribal Statistical Areas; Wikipedia | List of Indian Reserves in Canada; Wikipedia | List of First Nations Peoples; Wikipedia | List of First Nations Band Governments.
Wikipedia | Kingdom of Hawai’i, List of Monarchs and Overthrow of Queen Lili’uokalani (1893; Hawaiian Kingdom Government www.hawaiiankingdom.org; Reinstated Hawaiian Government; Wikipedia | List of Hawaiian Monarchs; Wikipedia | Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Wikipedia | U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 states that Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States…excluding Indians not taxed.
Source:Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition), Volume 1 of 3,p.87-90
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Dawning of the Corona Age: Navigating the Pandemic by Johnny Freedom (3rd Edition) (Printed, Bound Book or PDF)
This comprehensive book, goes far beyond the immediate impact of the “pandemic”, but, along with the reader, imagines how our human world may be altered, both positively and negatively, long into an uncertain future. Available Now!
U.S. treaties with sovereign indigenous nations within the boundaries of the united states of America is supreme law over all other laws pursuant to the U.S. Constitution. Until the federal U.S. government honors what was promised by treaty to the indigenous people of North America, there can be no healing in this country.
Indigenous nations and native people have the right to secure their homelands and provide for their people. Indigenous nations and people gave up vast territory and wealth under colonization and suffered greatly at the hands of genocide or disease.
The indigenous people or the Americas, or Indians as they are called in the constitution, were not subject to any tax. For example the Buck Act (1940) excepted Indians from the levy or collection of any tax. (i.e., Indians not taxed). The federal United States could only tax its own “U.S. citizens” if resident in a “federal area”.
“Congress shall have the power to regulate commerce with the Indian tribes.” ~ U.S. Constitution [1:8:3]
American indigenous nations and tribal people have the right to have U.S. treaties honored by the U.S. government regardless of what Administration was in charge at the time. Unfortunately, treaty rights in the united states of America, and much of the colonized world, have not been honored by because indigenous people, much like “U.S. citizens”, were considered “wards of the State (or court)”.
Indigenous people, or Indians, are under the jurisdiction of the federal agency – Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), regulated by the laws of the federal U.S. government. There are 574 Indian nations recognized by the BIA covering 55 million acres of land. Of these 231 are located in Alaska. Jurisdiction over Indian nations is based on the principles of the Canon laws of the Doctrine of Discovery as discussed in the previous section. From the perspective of the federal U.S. government, U.S. treaties were originally negotiated with “non-entities” of “non-recognized” nations, without Citizenship or rights of any kind – state or federal.
Therefore, the federal U.S. government acts as if treaties with indigenous nations and people are not binding, nor are U.S. treaties with indigenous people honored the same as U.S. treaties with European nations.
Without Citizenship of any kind, indigenous people were denied access to both state and federal courts, much like “U.S. citizens”. As defined in Corpus Juris Secundum, 7 CJS at par. two, indigenous American people were considered “wards of the court”.
Therefore, indigenous nations and people could not challenge infringements upon their U.S. treaties, nor could they compel the federal U.S. government to any specific performance as they had no standing at law.
Indigenous nations and people were neither sovereign “state” Citizens with the same rights and privileges as the white, male property owners of the original constitutional Republic, nor were they “U.S. citizens” of the federal United States. They were in limbo between three worlds.
Furthermore, emergency power statutes permitted the complete abrogation of Indian Treaties when an Indian tribe is in an actual or contrived hostility.
Is this another convenient justification by the federal U.S. government for not honoring the U.S. treaties, by executing a declared state of perpetual emergency on the reservations and Indian lands? Emergency powers must be lifted and lawful, de jure governments re-established.
“A treaty is declared to be the supreme law of the land, and is, therefore, obligatory on courts whenever it operates of itself without the aid of a legislative provision.” ~ U.S. v. The Schooner Peggy (1801)
Today, neither indigenous nations, indigenous people, nor “U.S. citizens” have their “treaties” or inherent sovereign rights recognized by the federal U.S. government. In 1886, the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed that the U.S. government “has the right and authority, instead of controlling them by treaties, to govern them by acts of Congress, they being within the geographical limit of the United States…The Indians owe no allegiance to a State within which their reservation maybe established, and the State giver them no protection.”
As a side note, the “Bill of Rights” was essentially a “treaty” between the sovereign “state” Citizens of the original 13 colonies and the federal U.S. government. The “Bill of Rights” does not guarantee any rights for “U.S. citizens” or indigenous people since it only applies outside a “federal area”.
Indigenous nations and people have been robbed of their land, culture and treaty rights by the same sovereign Power structure that is now robbing “U.S. citizens” of their land and treaty rights. As songwriter Joni Mitchell wrote, “I was raised on robbery”.
Canadian songwriter Bruce Cockburn wrote yet another poignant song about the theft of indigenous lands entitled “Stolen Lands.”
Ironically, perhaps karmically as well, the very land and wealth stolen from the indigenous nations and people is now being stolen again by the same sovereign Power structure, domestically and abroad. “The American indigenous people, sovereign ‘state’ Citizens, and U.S. citizens are being colonized once again!”
Restoring U.S. Treaty Rights & Inherent Sovereignty
Strategies for restoring U.S. treaty rights for indigenous nations and people include the following. None of these are tried and true, but would be interesting test cases.
Today, most American indigenous people have been issued either Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) numbers or Social Security Numbers (SSNs).
Many American indigenous people, those without a Native American tribal document (which certifies that they are still a sovereign people), have recently been naturalized as “U.S. citizens”.
Although, indigenous U.S. citizens are under federal jurisdiction (just like indigenous people on the reservation without any civil rights), and have “waived” their inherent sovereignty and unalienable rights, just like “U.S. citizens” have, indigenous American people may be able one day to restore their full sovereign rights as “state” Citizens with full state and federal constitutional and treaty rights as was intended by the founders.
By expatriating from being “U.S. citizens” and naturalizing in a sovereign state, they could become sovereign “state” Citizens, then have the legal standing to claim U.S. treaty rights on behalf of all the other indigenous sovereign nations and people through a class action lawsuit in the federal courts under Admiralty jurisdiction and maritime procedures.
Indigenous “U.S. citizens” would have civil rights, remedies, and recourse in the federal courts, and could compel performance of their respective U.S. treaties under Admiralty/Maritime or Military/Martial law jurisdiction. These days the “law of the sea”, not the “law of the land”, operates in the federal U.S. courts.
The U.S. treaties could be argued from the standing of an international contract, or the lack thereof, not from the basis of the U.S. treaty or the Common law.
Land patents, held-in-common on the reservation, could be updated in the name of the native elders, and then stewarded in a Sovereign Trust for the whole tribe. Ironically and strangely enough, this strategy for reclaiming sovereignty is comparable for both colonized indigenous nations and people, and the now colonized “U.S. citizen”.
“A treaty is a law of the land whenever its provisions prescribe a rule by which the rights of the private citizen or subject may be determined.” ~ In re Cooper, 143 U.S. 472 (1892)
References:
Cornell Law | 4 USC §109 nothing in sections 105 and 106 of this title shall be deemed to authorize the levy or collection of any tax on or from any Indian not otherwise taxed.
Cornell Law | 4 USC §110 which allowed any department of the federal government to create a “federal area” for imposition of the Public Salary Tax Act of 1939.
Wikipedia | Tribal Sovereignty; U.S. Constitution [1:8:3].
You Are Law | Wards of the court. Infants and persons of unsound mind placed by the court under the care of a guardian. Davis Committee v. Loney, 290 Ky. 644, 162 S.W. 2d. 189, 190.
Indian Country Today | If you don’t know treaties and sovereignty, you don’t know history.
Wikipedia | U.S. Treaties with Indigenous Nations; Legal cite for a treaty as law of the land; Supreme Justia | In re Cooper, 143 U.S. 472 (1892), 12 Sup Ct. 453, 36L. Ed. 232.
Source:Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition), Volume 1 of 3,p.81-84
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Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition) (3-Volume Printed, Bound Book or PDF)
A three-volume, 750+ page tome with an extensive update of the renowned underground classic ~ the Global Sovereign’s Handbook. Still after all these years, this is the most comprehensive book on sovereignty, economics, law, power structures and history ever written. Served as the primary research behind the best-selling Global One Audio Course.Available Now!
Dawning of the Corona Age: Navigating the Pandemic by Johnny Freedom (3rd Edition) (Printed, Bound Book or PDF)
This comprehensive book, goes far beyond the immediate impact of the “pandemic”, but, along with the reader, imagines how our human world may be altered, both positively and negatively, long into an uncertain future. Available Now!
Self-determination is the deciding by a people of a nation what form of government they shall have without reference to the wishes of any other nation….the people have a range of choices from total assimilation within another nation, territory status, autonomy, statehood, free association, commonwealth to total independence and sovereignty.” ~ Francis Anthony Boyle, Attorney
The right of a people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule. All people, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of opportunity, have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no interference.
Indigenous “Native sovereignty” is a necessary precursor to continue our exploration of “sovereignty” as it relates to the united states of America. Prior to our discussion in the last chapter, many people had only learned about “sovereignty” in the context of indigenous First People’s struggles to reclaim their inherent rights to self-determination, their right to just and fairly administered treaties and the recognition of First People’s culture, language and nations under international law.
Manifest Destiny & Spiritual Debt
The Power structures of both Western and Eastern nations cannot continue to desecrate or ignore indigenous people’s rights to “Native sovereignty”, to allow First People’s nations to co-exist amidst our destructive pursuit for land, wealth, gold and resources. What was once considered the “manifest destiny” of colonial “Sovereign Powers structures” are now, and justly so, finished.
Today, there are no more continents or native people left to conquer or vanquish. The last frontiers on this ever shrinking planet are not outside of us, but the pursuit of higher consciousness, as well as achieving economic, social, political and environmental justice for all the people.
To manifest these last frontiers, we must not only include indigenous nations, but learn how to live sustainably on the earth in our last noble quest for self-determination and “sovereignty for all the people”.
We the People of the united states of America have a spiritual debt to the indigenous people in this country, and of the earth, that can never be repaid except with humility and gratitude.
We the People must acknowledge the terrible transgressions and genocides of our forefathers and foremothers for us all to be healed. No sincere happiness can be found in these united states of America or any other European nation until this healing work is done.
Western civilization and the Roman Catholic Church is riddled with centuries of deeply ingrained guilt and shame for the horrible deeds done in the name of religion and the name of “progress”. This all must be healed to restore “sovereignty for all the people”.
Perpetual Slavery for Indigenous Native People
Forty years before Christopher Columbus set foot in the Americas on behalf of Spain, Pope Nicholas V gave express permission by issuance of the papal bull Romanus Pontifex (1455) to King Alfonso of Portugal to claim and capture lands in West Africa “to capture, vanquish, and subdue, the Saracens, Pagans, and other enemies of Christ…to take all their possessions and property, and to put them into perpetual slavery.”
With this document, and its predecessor in Roman law, terra nullus, Pope Nicholas V essentially declared war against all non-Christians throughout the world.
“This Doctrine of Discovery, an ancient doctrine of the Christian world, still serves as the foundation of federal Indian law in the United States.” ~ Steven T. Newcomb
After Pope Alexander VI heard of Columbus’ successful “discovery” to the America’s on behalf of Spain he promptly issued the Inter Cetera papal bull on May 3, 1493 in which he declared that “the Catholic faith and Christian religion be everywhere increased and spread and that barbarous nations be overthrown and brought to the faith itself.”
Pope Alexander VI called on the monarchs of Spain and Portugal to subdue and convert all native lands and possessions. In essence the Pope decreed under papal law that unconverted heathens had no rights whatsoever to self-determination. Even if the indigenous tribal chiefs signed a peace treaty, it was considered non-binding because they were non-entities under the “Canon law”.
Thus generations of treaties with indigenous people have been routinely dishonored, and native people still suffer great injustice at the hands of their conquerors to this very day.
The roots of religious persecution and racism go long and deep in the united states of America, and around the world. There can be no religious justification for genocide, or the annihilation of any indigenous culture in the eyes of Source or God. If ones religion does not teach and practice the Golden rule, then religion has nothing to offer us.
No Separation of Church and State
The U.S. government is believed to have conducted its affairs in accordance with separation of Church and State. This is not true, however, with regard to the indigenous people of North America.
The U.S. Supreme Court formally wrote the “Doctrine of Discovery” into the laws of the United States in the case of Johnson v. McIntosh (1823). Chief Justice John Marshall wrote: “Discovery gave title to the government, by whose subject, or by whose authority it was made, against all other European governments.”
This doctrine has been primarily used to support decisions invalidating or ignoring aboriginal possession of land in favor of modern colonial governments such as in the case of Sherrill v. Oneida Nation (2005).
Furthermore, in the case of County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of N.Y. (1985), “Fee title to the lands occupied by Indians when the colonists arrived became vested in the sovereign – first the discovering European nation and later the original States and the United States”.
Today, very few people realize that the legal distinction between Christians and aboriginal people (i.e. indigenous people, Native American, First People, Indians) is still incorporated in the U.S. Constitution as the “law of the land”.
Based on this ancient “Doctrine of Discovery”, and the federal law based upon it, the United States government continues to deny indigenous people the recognition of their inherent tribal sovereignty and treaty rights in their own ancestral homelands of North America with a singular exception that Indian Territory (i.e., Reservations) is not subject to state or local taxes.
“Indian people are still denied their rights simply because they were not Christians at the time of European arrival.” ~ Steven Newcomb
Natural Law Rights & Inherent Sovereignty Under International Law
Indigenous people still have unalienable, natural law rights to inherent sovereignty as independent nations under international law. This principle has never been refuted in American law, despite numerous treaties being dishonored or ignored.
The indigenous people of North America never lost or surrendered their inherent sovereignty, but were conquered and subdued to the point of annihilation through the horrible genocide of the U.S. military and private mercenaries. Indigenous lands were essentially taken by force and stolen, then sold to private individuals and corporations by the federal U.S. government.
Many indigenous people, dispirited and dispossessed by the genocidal actions against their families and tribes, were forced to submit to the federal U.S. government under the stewardship of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) of the federal U.S. government. Crazy Horse was one of the last free Indians to ride the plains and preferred death instead of submitting to white rule and forced to live on a reservation.
Indigenous people can still reclaim their native and tribal sovereignty by disengaging from federal U.S. government benefit programs if they can restore economic, legal and political sovereignty over their own affairs as an independent nation such as the Onondaga People of New York.
“The Onondaga people have consistently rejected the notion of changing from our traditional chiefs to become a ‘tribal’ or switch to an elective government. The Onondaga have remained steadfast despite the many efforts by the United States and the Bureau of Indian Affairs to change us.”
Indian tribes exercising powers of self-government under the jurisdiction of the federal U.S. government are limited by the U.S. constitution.
Tribal Governments As Sovereign Nations
Whereas tribal governments who choose to function as sovereign nations can still do so, but incorporated tribes must revoke their corporate charters to reclaim their inherent sovereignty or be subject to the municipal law of the District of Columbia (D.C.) like any other U.S. state.
Tribal members with Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) numbers similar to SSN’s, they must revoke those numbers to reclaim their inherent sovereignty.
Eventually, tribal governments could dissolve their corporation, then break all in voluntary contractual relationships with the state and federal U.S. government except for diplomatic and trade relationships.
For those tribal members who are also U.S. citizens, perhaps one can restore inherent sovereignty on non-tribal land by updating land patents land and declaring “allodial” titles on those lands.
Vatican Must Rescind Doctrine of Discovery & Provide Reparations with Land
One of many steps to bring this immoral, though legal, system of colonization, exploitation and genocide to its conclusion as a tragic part of human history, is for the “Doctrine of Discovery” to be formally rescinded by papal decree with reparations provided in land. The Pope and the Vatican are the third largest land owner in the world with over 177,000,000 acres.
An Open Letter to the Pope has been written to the Pope many times by many people and religious organizations, although he has so far ignored the request.
In 2012, the United Nations Economic and Social Council Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues called for a mechanism to investigate historical land claims based on the discovery doctrine.
In 2009, the Episcopal Church repudiated the Doctrine of Discovery as did the Unitarian Universalist Association in 2012. Other religious groups – the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), the World Council of Churches, New York Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends, the United Methodist Church, to name a few – have also repudiated it.
But the Vatican has refused to publicly address Catholicism’s role in bringing about the Doctrine of Discovery, or revoke the papal bulls that articulated it.
Indigenous Economic Sovereignty
For purposes of economic development and improving conditions on the reservations in Indian Territories, casino gambling as a tourist attraction, and other sustainable industries such as wind and solar power, could be an economic means toward economic sovereignty. Any environmentally destructive industry such as uranium mining should be shut down.
Tribal governments who have already built casinos could continue to operate them for a limited time for the purposes of economic development, then shut them down and convert the facilities to tribal use such as offices, schools or hospitals. Funds generated by these indigenous enterprises could be used to rebuild infrastructure and a balanced relationship with the land.
Any indigenous enterprises that remain could be integrated into a “Sovereign Trust” on behalf of the indigenous nation. This could be a legal instrument for implementing sovereignty in all tribal nations, and having them recognized internationally by establishing self-government under the Law of Nations.
The federal U.S. government recognizes indigenous sovereignty in economically and legally. Consider this excerpt from an affidavit of a former, high-level CIA operative who was responsible for developing a copy of the Inslaw software on the Cabazon reservation.
“The Cabazon Band of Indians are a sovereign nation. The sovereign immunity that is accorded the Cabazons as a consequence of this fact made it feasible to pursue on the reservation the development and/or manufacture of materials whose development or manufacture would be subject to stringent controls off the reservation.” ~ Michael J. Riconsciuto
Indigenous sovereignty movements are afoot in many of the stronger native cultures in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe and Oceania such as the Haida people.
There are over 5,000 distinct indigenous cultures in the world, often nations within nations, that have not been recognized by the 193 member states of the United Nations (UN) as sovereign nations with the unalienable rights of self-determination. The UN estimates the indigenous population at over 370 million people spread out over 20% of the planet.
May all indigenous people restore their cultural traditions and native languages, self-reliance and self-sufficiency on the land.
In hindsight may we remember, according to Charles C. Mann, author of 1491, indigenous people were the “persecuted survivors of a recently shattered culture…not a people without history incapable of change.”
References:
Wikipedia | Dr. Francis Anthony Boyle; Infoplease | Indigenous Peoples of the World.
Wikipedia | Discovery doctrine; Special thanks to Stephen Newcomb for his monumental research on the Doctrine of Discovery, the papal decree by Pope Nicholas V sourced in part from an essay, A Matter of Religious Freedom and Five Hundred Years of Injustice by Steven Newcomb | Philharmonie PDF | Apolegetica Historia Sumaria by Bartolome de Las Casa (1530)—a conquistador who repented his actions against indigenous people who became a Jesuit priest; Indigenous Law Institute
Ibid; Pagans and the Promised Land (2008) by Stephen Newcomb | Amazon | We the People of the Dominated Native Nationscommentary on assimilating native people into We the American Peopleby Stephen Newcomb.
Wikipedia | City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York, 544 U.S. 197 (2005) held that repurchase of traditional tribal lands 200 years later did not restore tribal sovereignty to that land.
Wikipedia | Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of N.Y., 470 U.S. 226, 234 (1985)(Oneida II) and Oneida Indian Nation of N. Y. v. County of Oneida, 414 U. S. 661, 667 (1974) (Oneida I).
Indian Country Today | See also: Birgil Kills Straight by Maria Braveheart Jordan commentary on intergenerational trauma and native suicides; Indian Country Today | Quote from an Open Letter to Pope John Paul II.
Wikipedia | Crazy Horse; Wikipedia | Crazy Horse Memorial; This author remembers being the last free Indian Crazy Horse in another lifetime.
Wikipedia | Onondaga People are one of the original five nations of the Iroquois. The Cayuga and Seneca have territory to their east and the Oneida and Mohawk to their east. The Haudenosaunee Councils have remained sovereign; Onondaga Nation
Cornell Law | 25 USC §1302 – Constitutional rights.
An “allodial” title is a sovereign title with no superior claim to such land.
Counterpunch | Open Letter to the Pope to repudiate the Doctrine of Discovery by Deacon Joe Beasley; HuffPost | Nuns Blast Catholic Church’s Doctrine of Discovery That Justified Indigenous Oppression; Amah Mutsun | Religious Society of Friends Letter to Pope Francis Re: The Doctrine of Christian Discovery; Fountain of Light | Refute the Doctrine of Christian Discovery.
Wikipedia | UN calls for mechanism to investigate historical land claims.
Wikipedia | Unrecognized tribes in the Unites States; Wikipedia | List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies; UNPO | InfoPlease | Indigenous People of the World | Unrecognized Nations: Travels to Countries That Do Not Exist; Amazon
Wikipedia | Quote sources from 1491: New Revelations Before Columbus, p.10; Amazon
Source:Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition), Volume 1 of 3,p.76-81
ORDER YOUR LIBERTY BOOKS TODAY!
Sovereign’s Handbook by Johnny Liberty (30th Anniversary Edition) (3-Volume Printed, Bound Book or PDF)
A three-volume, 750+ page tome with an extensive update of the renowned underground classic ~ the Global Sovereign’s Handbook. Still after all these years, this is the most comprehensive book on sovereignty, economics, law, power structures and history ever written. Served as the primary research behind the best-selling Global One Audio Course.Available Now!
Dawning of the Corona Age: Navigating the Pandemic by Johnny Freedom (3rd Edition) (Printed, Bound Book or PDF)
This comprehensive book, goes far beyond the immediate impact of the “pandemic”, but, along with the reader, imagines how our human world may be altered, both positively and negatively, long into an uncertain future. Available Now!
The Sovereign's Handbook by Johnny Liberty 